Literature Review and Assessment of Plant and Animal Transfer Factors Used in Performance Assessment Modeling
نویسندگان
چکیده
......................................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgements...................................................................................................................... xiii Acronyms.......................................................................................................................................xv Chemical Symbols of Elements Discussed in this Report ........................................................... xvi 1.0 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................1.1 1.1 Radionuclides of Concern ............................................................................................1.3 1.2 Section 1 References ....................................................................................................1.7 2.0 Speciation and Geochemistry of Radionuclides in Soil-Water Systems..............................2.1 2.1 Background ..................................................................................................................2.1 2.2 Eh-pH Species Predominance Diagrams .....................................................................2.5 2.3 Geochemical Processes Affecting the Mobility and Bioavailability of Selected Radionuclides...............................................................................................................2.7 2.3.1 Cesium-137 (Cs) .........................................................................................2.7 2.3.2 Strontium-90 (Sr) .........................................................................................2.8 2.3.3 Technetium-99 (Tc)....................................................................................2.11 2.3.4 Iodine-129 (I) ............................................................................................2.14 2.3.5 Selenium-79 (Se)........................................................................................2.16 2.3.6 Tin-126 (Sn)..............................................................................................2.19 2.3.7 Thorium-232 (Th) .....................................................................................2.21 2.3.8 Uranium-235 (U) ......................................................................................2.23 2.3.9 Plutonium-239,240 (Pu) .......................................................................2.27 2.3.10 Neptunium-237 (Np).................................................................................2.30 2.3.11 Americium-241 (Am) ...............................................................................2.33 2.3.12 Curium-242 (Cm)......................................................................................2.36 2.3.13 Beryllium-10 (Be) ......................................................................................2.37 2.3.14 Nickel-59,63 (Ni)....................................................................................2.40 2.3.15 Niobium-94 (Nb)........................................................................................2.43 2.3.16 Silver-108m (Ag)....................................................................................2.43 2.4 Section 2 References ..................................................................................................2.46
منابع مشابه
Indicators of Hospital Performance Evaluation: A Systematic Review
Background and Objectives: The reliability of hospital assessment results depends on the appropriateness of the indicators used. In this study, we systematically review the literature to identify the major indicators of hospital performance evaluation, as employed in performance assessment literature. Methods: Literature databases including PUBMED, Scopus, Science Direct, Google scholar, DOJA, ...
متن کاملApplicable risk assessment methods in occupational and environmental exposure to nanoparticles - a narrative review
Nanoparticles (NPs) are a heterogeneous group of materials that have various applications, and their risk assessment is an essential condition. This study aimed to review the applicable risk assessment methods in occupational and environmental exposures to NPs. A literature search for articles published since 2005 in Web of Knowledge, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, using ap...
متن کاملModeling and Environmental Risk Assessment of Eastern Alborz Coal Washing Plant
Mining operations and mineral-related industries are closely and directly related with the environment. The negative impacts of mining industry on the environment, known as environmental risks, must be controlled and managed in a way to minimize harmful and destructive effects. Environmental risk assessment studies are a suitable step to identify, analyze and rank the risk factors. In this stud...
متن کاملAn Assessment Scheme for ELT Performance: An Iranian Case of Farhangian University
Accountability concerns in language education call for the development of more valid and authentic measures of assessment. In light of these concerns, performance assessment has received increasing interest in the context of teacher education programs and teacher licensing over the last decade. In Iran, a recent policy adopted by Farhangian University aims at assessing the professional competen...
متن کاملDeveloping an Assessment Tool for Nursing Students` General Clinical Performance
Introduction: The necessity of valid and reliable assessment tools is one of the most emphasized issues in literature related to nursing students` clinical assessment. But it is believed that the present tools are mostly not valid and reliable, and can not measure students` performances properly. The aim of this study was to design a valid and reliable assessment tool for evaluation of nursing ...
متن کاملApplication of Delphi Method and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process in Modeling Environmental Performance Assessment in Urban Medical Centers
Medical centers (that is, hospitals and clinics) in metropolitan areas produce substantial amounts of hazardous waste in both solid and liquid (wastewater) forms. Unless medical centers manage their waste with appropriate care, the significant hazards posed to urban residents and areas far outweigh the benefits of their services. Therefore, comprehensive environmental management programs need t...
متن کامل